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Papyrus tree egypt1/15/2024 In the second millennium BC, the garden pond of King Sneferu was large enough for boats rowed by twenty oarsmen. The ponds of palace gardens were enormous and numerous. These gardens were very large in scale, and were laid out in geometric patterns. Palace gardens first appeared in Egypt just before the Middle Empire (2035–1668). Temple gardens were used to raise certain vegetables for ceremonies. Beginning during the New Kingdom, gardens were attached to more luxurious residences and were sometimes enclosed by walls. Secular gardens were located near the river or canals and were used mainly for growing vegetables. Gardens belonged to temples or the residences. The earliest gardens were composed of planting beds divided into squares by earthen walls, so the water could soak into the soil rather than be lost. Water was hoisted from the Nile in leather buckets and carried on the shoulders to the gardens, and later, beginning in about the 14th century B.C., lifted from wells by hoists with counterbalancing weights called shadouf in Arabic. The history and character of gardens in ancient Egypt, like all aspects of Egyptian life, depended upon the Nile, and the network of canals that drew water from it. Temples, palaces, and private residences had their own gardens, and models of gardens were sometimes placed in tombs so their owners could enjoy them in their afterlife. Gradually as the country became richer, they evolved into pleasure gardens with flowers, ponds and valleys of fruit and shade trees. The gardens of ancient Egypt probably began as simple fruit orchards and vegetable gardens, irrigated with water from the Nile. Rectangular fishpond with ducks and lotus planted round with date palms and fruit trees, in a fresco from the Tomb of Nebamun, Thebes, 18th Dynasty
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